Peptic ulcer is ulcer in the stomach and duodenum. Peptic ulcer occurs due to exposure of these parts of gastrointestinal tract (stomach and duodenum) to gastric acid and pepsin. The exact cause of peptic ulcer is not clearly defined, but it is generally due to imbalance between aggressive factors (acid, pepsin, H. pylori etc.) and protective factors (gastric mucous, bicarbonate secretion, prostaglandins, nitric oxide, innate resistance of the mucosal cells of stomach and duodenum etc.) due to bad health state of the individual. There are also many more factors which can cause peptic ulcer such as psychosomatic factors, vascular derangements etc.

The dietary modifications in peptic ulcer for maintaining optimal health state should be as the following:

Energy:

Patients of peptic ulcer may be malnourished and need extra nutrition for increased calorie intake to maintain patients’ health.

Proteins:

The protein content of diet should be adequate for proper (fast) healing of ulcer. The protein content of diet should not be very high, as high protein intake may increase acid secretion, but low protein intake will delay healing of ulcer. Milk protein should be avoided as much as possible, because the high calcium content of milk can stimulate secretion of acid. Eggs and other high protein foods should be used to meet protein requirement.

Fats:

Fat should be used in moderate amounts. Emulsified fats like butter, cream, etc. are better than other fats.

Carbohydrates:

The energy needs during peptic ulcer is mainly met from carbohydrates. But foods containing harsh and irritating fiber should be avoided.

The objective of dietary modification in peptic ulcer:

• To provide adequate nutrition by providing a balanced diet.
• Continuous neutralization of gastric acid.
• To provide desired rest to the digestive tract for proper healing of the digestive tract.
• To reduce acid secretion to a desired level.
• To reduce mechanical, chemical and thermal irritation to the lining of the stomach and prevent further damage.

Related posts: